a) What is the principle of EDTA method? Explain the estimation of total hardness of water by complexometric method. (Unit 1)

b) Calculate the total hardness of a water sample which shows following analysis :
$Ca(HCO_3)_2 = 4.86$ mg/L; $Mg(HCO_3)_2 = 5.84$ mg/L; $CaSO_4 = 6.8$ mg/L and $MgSO_4 = 8.4$ mg/L. (Unit 1)

a) What is Caustic embrittlement? How do you prevent it? (Unit 2)

b) How is portable water disinfected by ozonation? (Unit 1)

Write a note on lubricants with special reference to their (i) classification (ii) mode of action with examples and uses. (Unit 3)

a) What is the difference between free radical and ionic polymerization? (Unit 4)

b) Write a note on preparation, properties and uses of: (Unit 4)

i) Bakelite

ii) NYLON 6,6

Differentiate the following with suitable examples.

a) Galvanic series and Electrochemical series. (Unit 5)

b) Thermosetting polymers and Thermoplastic polymers. (Unit 4)

a) What is Spectroscopy? Describe the principle, instrumentation process of vibrational and rotational spectroscopy. (Unit 6)

b) Explain about Lambert and beer's law. (Unit 6)

Describe about the following: (Unit 2)

i) Zeolite process

ii) ion-exchange process with neat diagram

Write brief note on (Any two):

i) Phase diagram of single component systems (Unit 5)

ii) Electronic transitions (Unit 6)

iii) Vibrational modes in IR spectroscopy (Unit 6)

iv) Electro negativity (Unit 7)