a) Discuss the zeolite process for softening of water.

b) 100 ml of a water sample required 18 ml of standard EDTA solution. 20 ml of standard $CaCO_3$ (15g/L) solution required 25 ml of EDTA solution. 100 ml of the sample after boiling required 12 ml of EDTA solution. Calculate the temporary and permanent hardness of the sample.

a) How is water softened by the lime-soda process? What are its advantages?

b) Give a detailed account on the following.

i) Caustic embrittlement

ii) Boiler corrosion

What is Lubricant? With the help of neat diagrams, explain the following criteria of lubricants:

i) Viscosity index

ii) Flash and fire point

a) Explain the preparation, properties and uses of Bakelite.

b) Write a short note on synthetic rubber with a suitable example.

a) What is meant by a phase diagram? Explain two-component system by taking Cu-Ag system as an example.

b) How do you explain electro negativity, ionic sizes and electron affinity of s, p - block elements?

a) State and explain beer-Lambert's Law.

b) Define the following terms:

i) Bathochromic shift

ii) Hypsochromic shift

iii) Hyperchromic shift

iv) Chomophore

What is periodic Table? Write trends of following in a group and in a period giving suitable reason:

i) Ionic size

ii) Electro negativity

iii) Electro affinity

i) Alkalinity

ii) Scales and sludge's

iii) Triple point

iv) Urea-formaldehyde