a) Draw Fe-Fe3C phase diagram and explain the phase transformation reactions in the diagram.

b) Define the following Mechanical properties of materials.

i) Strength

ii) Hardness

iii) Toughness

iv) Ductility

v) Brittleness

vi) Malleability

a) Describe the typical shape of the stress-strain curve for a ductile material. Explain the significance of the yield point and ultimate tensile strength on the stress-strain curve of a ductile material.

b) State and explain various types of errors in measurements.

a) List out various operations performed by Lathe and explain some of them in detail.

b) List out various Temperature measuring instruments and explain any two with neat diagram.

a) Describe the working principle of hydraulic pumps. Give classification of pumps with their applications.

b) Derive Bernoulli's equation for incompressible fluids.

a) What is Pascal's law, Explain how Pascal's law is applied in hydraulic systems?

b) What are the main types of boilers, and how are they classified based on construction and operation?

a) Explain the concept of draught in boiler operation. Discuss the factors influencing the choice between natural and artificial draught systems in boiler installations.

b) Explain thermodynamic processes at constant pressure and volume.

a) With a neat sketch, explain the working of Carnot and derive the expression for thermal efficiency.

b) Explain the Working principle of compressor with neat sketch.

a) Explain the working of a 2 stroke petrol engine with neat sketch.

b) Write short notes on Slip gauge, Sine-bar and Combination set.