a) What do you understand by the term 'levelling'? Explain 'reciprocal levelling' in details.

b) What is the purpose to provide the foundation and describe its various types in details?

a) Write short notes on any four of the followings:

i) Remote sensing

ii) Contour lines

iii) Type of surveying

iv) EDM

v) Survey station

b) Explain the 'auto level' with a neat sketch.

a) Write notes on the following with neat sketch:

i) Mid ordinate rule

ii) Average ordinate rule

iii) Trapezoidal rule

iv) Simpson's rule

b) Explain concurrent and non-concurrent co-planer forces in details.

a) Draw the shear force and bending moment diagram for simply supported beam, which carries a uniformly distributed load of 10kN/m and a point load of 20kN on its center having span of 5m.

b) Determine the moment of inertia of the given plane lamina about its centroidal axis as shown in the figure below:

a) List out the various stages for the construction of a building and list out the various building materials used in construction works with brief details.

b) Define any two-laboratory test, those are conducted on bricks and cement.

a) Define the method of joints and method of section to analyze a plane truss with a suitable example.

b) Define the following terms with respect to concrete:

i) Workability

ii) Segregation

iii) Bleeding

a) What are the various types of bonds used in the construction of brick masonry?

b) Discuss plastering and pointing in Civil Engineering construction works.

a) Define the following terms:

i) True bearing and magnetic bearing

ii) Fore sight and back sight

iii) Local attraction

iv) Errors in chain surveying

b) What do you understand by reversible and irreversible machines? Explain with suitable examples.