a) Explain the characteristics of Object-Oriented Programming and Procedural Programming in brief. (Unit 1)

b) Describe in detail the features of object-oriented paradigm. (Unit 1)

a) What is meant by abstract class? (Unit 3)

b) What is constructor? Is it mandatory to use constructor in a class. (Unit 2)

a) Explain the fundamental concept behind inheritance in object-oriented programming by taking an example. Define multiple, multilevel and hybrid inheritance with diagram and syntax. (Unit 3)

b) Explain the concept of association an aggregation in object-oriented approach. What is and Abstract class? Why Abstract classes are used? (Unit 3)

a) Create a class called cake with attributes height, weight, shape and message with a default constructor. Overload the constructor with arguments. Create methods to display details and increase the height by 2 cms and weight by 0.5 kg. finally display the details again. (Unit 2)

b) How polymorphism is achieved at compile time and run time? (Unit 4)

a) What is meant by exceptions? How exception is handled? (Unit 5)

b) Explain ATM system using object-oriented diagram. (Unit 5)

a) What do you mean by Array Index Out of Bounds Exception and Null Pointer Exception? (Unit 5)

b) What are member functions? Explain with example. (Unit 2)

a) How message passing is possible in JAVA? Give example. (Unit 2)

b) Give example of multiple object declaration, variable declarations and constant declaration. (Unit 2)

Write short notes on (any two):

a) Association (Unit 3)

b) Access modifiers (Unit 2)

c) Abstract base classes (Unit 3)