a) Describe the concept of energy efficiency and its importance in reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. (Unit 1)

b) Discuss the various strategies and technologies used to improve energy efficiency in buildings, industries and transportation sectors. (Unit 1)

a) State the advantages and disadvantages of using nuclear energy as a source of electricity. (Unit 1)

b) Describe in brief about the environmental impacts of fossil fuel combustion and greenhouse gas emissions on air pollution, water pollution. (Unit 1)

a) Discuss the importance of conservation and management of ecosystems for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. (Unit 2)

b) Mention the different types of approaches and strategies for ecosystem conservation and management. (Unit 2)

a) Explain the concept of ecological pyramids and also describe its various type. (Unit 2)

b) Discuss in brief about the which local communities can contribute to conservation, including ecotourism, sustainable livelihoods and traditional knowledge with a suitable example. (Unit 3)

a) Describe the importance of biodiversity at global, national and local region. (Unit 3)

b) How come the human involvement impact biodiversity at each level and state its consequences for ecosystem services and human well-being. (Unit 3)

a) Describe the causes and effects of marine pollution including the impact on human health and the environment. (Unit 4)

b) Discuss the impact of nuclear hazards on human health and the environment. (Unit 4)

a) Describe the concept of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and its importance in promoting sustainable development. (Unit 5)

b) Discuss the different stages of the EIA process. (Unit 5)

Explain in brief an two of the following.

a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (Unit 5)

b) Watershed management (Unit 5)

c) Species Diversity (Unit 3)

d) High-efficiency batteries (Unit 1)