Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal
New Scheme Based On AICTE Flexible Curricula
Common to All Disciplines | I/II Semester
2L-1T-2P 4 Credits
Module 1: Wave nature of particles and the Schrodinger equation (8 lectures)
Introduction to Quantum mechanics, Wave nature of Particles, operators, Time-dependent and timeindependent Schrodinger equation for wavefunction, Application: Particle in a One dimensional Box, Born interpretation, Free-particle wavefunction and wave-packets, vg and vp relation Uncertainty principle.
Previous Years questions appears in RGPV exam.
Q.1) Explain the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in detail. (Dec-2022, Dec-2024)
Q.2) Deduce the relation between phase and group velocities. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023)
Q.3) Obtain the time independent Schrodinger wave equation. (Dec-2022, June-2024)
Q.4) Write short note on: Physical significance of wave function. (Dec-2022, June-2025)
Q.5) State and Prove uncertainty principle. (Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2024)
Q.6) Discuss the energy and momentum operator. (Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2024)
Q.7) Derive the time dependent Schrodinger wave equation. (Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2025)
Q.8) Explain Dual nature of light/matter. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.9) Prove that for one dimensional motion of a particle in a box $\psi_{n}=A~sin\frac{n\pi x}{L}$. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.10) Define wave function and state its properties. (June-2023)
Q.11) Define phase velocity and group velocity. (June-2024)
Q.12) Deduce the energy eigenvalues and wave function of a particle moving in one dimensional box. (Dec-2024)
Q.13) Discuss about the Free Particle Wave Function and Wave Packets. (Dec-2024)
Expected Sample Questions for Dec-2025 Exam (Based on Syllabus Analysis)
Q.1) Derive Schrodinger's time-independent wave equation and apply it to a particle in a 1D box. (Predicted)
Q.2) Show that the group velocity ($v_g$) is equal to particle velocity ($v_p$) for a free particle. (Predicted)
Q.3) State Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. Illustrate it with an example of an electron in a nucleus. (Predicted)
Q.4) Explain the physical significance of the wave function $\psi$. (Predicted)
Q.5) Derive the time-dependent Schrodinger wave equation. (Predicted)
Module 2: Wave optics (8 lectures)
Huygens’ principle, superposition of waves and interference of light by wave front splitting and amplitude splitting; Young’s double slit experiment, Newton’s rings, Michelson interferometer, MachZehnder interferometer. Farunhofer diffraction from a single slit and a circular aperture, the Rayleigh criterion for limit of resolution and its application to vision; Diffraction gratings and their resolving power.
Previous Years questions appears in RGPV exam.
Q.1) How the Newton's rings are formed? Deduce the expression for diameter of dark and bright fringes. (Dec-2022, Dec-2024)
Q.2) Describe the construction and working of Mach-Zehnder interferometer. (Dec-2022, June-2023, June-2025)
Q.3) Explain about the diffraction grating. A parallel beam of Sodium light incident on plane transmission grating having 4250 lines per centimeter and a second order spectral line is observed at an angle of 30°. Find the wavelength of Sodium light. (Dec-2022)
Q.4) Write short note on: Young's double slit experiment. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, June-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.5) Differentiate between division of amplitude and division of wavefront. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.6) In Newton's Ring method, the diameter of $n^{th}$ and $(n+14)^{th}$ ring are 0.42 cm and 0.70 cm respectively. If the radius of curvature of plano convex lens is 100 cm, calculate the wavelength of light. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.7) Explain Michelson's Interferometer experiment on the basis of labelled diagram and types of fringes. (Dec-2023, June-2024, June-2025)
Q.8) Define superposition of waves. (Dec-2023, June-2025)
Q.9) Explain the Rayleigh's criteria for resolving power. (Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2025)
Q.10) Explain Rayleigh's criterion of resolution. Derive an expression for resolving power of a grating. (June-2023)
Q.11) Write short note on: Newton's ring. (June-2023)
Q.12) What is interference of light? Describe young's experiment and derive expression of fringe width. (June-2023)
Q.13) Define path difference and phase difference. (June-2024)
Q.14) What should be the minimum number of lines in a grating which will just resolve in the second order, the lines whose wavelengths are $5890Å$ and $5896Å$. (June-2024)
Q.15) Derive the expression for intensity due to diffraction at a single slit. (June-2024)
Q.16) Explain the Fraunhofer diffraction due to single slit with necessary analysis. (Dec-2024)
Q.17) Write short notes on: Interference and Young's double slit experiment. (Dec-2024)
Expected Sample Questions for Dec-2025 Exam (Based on Syllabus Analysis)
Q.1) Discuss the formation of Newton's rings and derive the expression for the diameter of bright and dark rings. (Predicted)
Q.2) Explain the construction and working of Michelson's Interferometer. How is it used to find wavelength difference? (Predicted)
Q.3) Discuss Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit and derive the condition for maxima and minima. (Predicted)
Q.4) Define Resolving Power of a grating and derive an expression for it. (Predicted)
Q.5) State Rayleigh's criterion for resolution. Explain with intensity distribution curves. (Predicted)
Module 3: Introduction to solids (8 lectures)
Free electron theory of metals, Fermi level of Intrinsic and extrinsic, density of states, Bloch’s theorem for particles in a periodic potential, Kronig-Penney model(no derivation) and origin of energy bands. V-I characteristics of PN junction, Zener diode, Solar Cell, Hall Effec.
Previous Years questions appears in RGPV exam.
Q.1) What is P-N junction diode? Discuss its I-V characteristics. (Dec-2022, June-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.2) Explain the construction and working of solar cell with neat diagrams. (Dec-2022, June-2023, June-2025)
Q.3) Derive an expression for Hall coefficient and Hall voltage. (Dec-2022, June-2023, Dec-2024, June-2025)
Q.4) Write short notes on: Bloch's theorem. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, June-2025)
Q.5) Write short notes on "Density of State". (Dec-2023)
Q.6) Explain the Fermi level shifting in semiconductors. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.7) Draw and explain the V-I characteristic curve of P-N junction diode. Differentiate between Avalanche and Zener breakdown. (June-2023)
Q.8) Explain Kronig Penney model for periodic potential. Write down the Schrodinger equation and discuss conclusion of this model. (June-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.9) Write short note on: Zener diode. (June-2023, June-2024, June-2025)
Q.10) Write short note on: Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductor through Fermi level. (June-2023)
Q.11) Discuss the free electron theory of motors (metals). (June-2024)
Q.12) Draw the V-I characteristics of Zener diode. (June-2024)
Q.13) Explain the variation of Fermi level in N-type semiconductor with concentration and temperature. (Dec-2024)
Expected Sample Questions for Dec-2025 Exam (Based on Syllabus Analysis)
Q.1) Explain Hall effect and derive the expression for Hall coefficient. (Predicted)
Q.2) Explain the working of a Solar Cell and draw its V-I characteristics. (Predicted)
Q.3) Discuss the Kronig-Penney model and the origin of energy bands in solids. (Predicted)
Q.4) Explain the V-I characteristics of a P-N junction diode in forward and reverse bias. (Predicted)
Q.5) Discuss the position of Fermi level in Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors. (Predicted)
Module 4: Lasers (8 lectures)
Einstein’s theory of matter radiation interaction and A and B coefficients; amplification of light by population inversion, different types of lasers: gas lasers ( He-Ne, CO2), solid-state lasers(ruby, Neodymium),Properties of laser beams: mono-chromaticity, coherence, directionality and brightness, laser speckles, applications of lasers in science, engineering and medicine. Introduction to Optical fiber, acceptance angle and cone, Numerical aperture, V number, attenuation.
Previous Years questions appears in RGPV exam.
Q.1) Derive the relationship between Einstein A and B coefficients. (Dec-2022, June-2025)
Q.2) Explain the construction and working of He-Ne laser. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.3) Explain the numerical aperture of an optical fiber. Calculate the numerical aperture. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2024, Dec-2024, June-2025)
Q.4) Write short notes on: Properties of Laser Light. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, June-2024, Dec-2024)
Q.5) Explain population inversion. (Dec-2023)
Q.6) Write down the applications of LASER in engineering and medicine. (Dec-2023, June-2023, June-2024)
Q.7) Write down the importance of total internal reflection in optical fiber. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.8) Explain construction and working of CO₂ laser with suitable energy level diagram. (June-2023, June-2025)
Q.9) Write down the difference between spontaneous and stimulated emission. (June-2023)
Q.10) Find the intensity of laser beam of 10 mW power and having diameter of 1.3 mW. (June-2024)
Q.11) Explain the working of Ruby laser with labelled diagram. (June-2024, June-2025)
Q.12) Deduce the expression for acceptance angle of an optical fiber. (Dec-2024, June-2024, June-2025)
Q.13) Write short notes on: V-number. (Dec-2024)
Expected Sample Questions for Dec-2025 Exam (Based on Syllabus Analysis)
Q.1) Derive the expression for Numerical Aperture of an optical fiber and discuss its physical significance. (Predicted)
Q.2) Derive the relation between Einstein's A and B coefficients. (Predicted)
Q.3) Describe the construction and working of He-Ne Laser with an energy level diagram. (Predicted)
Q.4) Explain the principle, construction and working of CO2 Laser. (Predicted)
Q.5) Discuss attenuation in optical fibers and explain V-number. (Predicted)
Module 5: Electrostatics in vacuum (8 lectures)
Calculation of electric field and electrostatic potential for a charge distribution; Electric displacement, Basic Introduction to Dielectrics, Gradient, Divergence and curl,Stokes’ theorem, Gauss Theorem, Continuity equation for current densities; Maxwell’s equation in vacuum and non-conducting medium; Poynting vector.
Previous Years questions appears in RGPV exam.
Q.1) State and explain Stoke's and Gauss theorem. (Dec-2022, Dec-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.2) Derive Maxwell equations in vacuum. (Dec-2022, June-2024, June-2025)
Q.3) Explain the electrostatic potential for a charge distribution. (Dec-2023, Dec-2024)
Q.4) Define gradient of a scalar field, divergence of a vector field. (Dec-2023, June-2024)
Q.5) State and prove equation of continuity. Explain its significance. (June-2023, June-2024, Dec-2024, June-2025)
Q.6) Define the electric field intensity. Find out the expression for electric intensity due to infinite line charge. (June-2023)
Q.7) State and explain Maxwell's equation in non conducting medium. (June-2024)
Q.8) Derive the Electric field and Electrostatic Potential for a charge Distribution. (Dec-2024)
Q.9) Write short notes on: Poynting vector. (Dec-2024)
Q.10) Write a note on different types of polarization in dielectric materials. (June-2025)
Expected Sample Questions for Dec-2025 Exam (Based on Syllabus Analysis)
Q.1) Derive Maxwell's equations in vacuum and explain their physical significance. (Predicted)
Q.2) Derive the Equation of Continuity for current densities. (Predicted)
Q.3) State and prove Gauss's Divergence Theorem. (Predicted)
Q.4) Explain Poynting Vector and derive Poynting Theorem. (Predicted)
Q.5) Calculate the electric field due to a line charge distribution using Gauss's Law. (Predicted)
